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<PublisherName>ejsss</PublisherName>
<JournalTitle>ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND STRATEGIC STUDIES</JournalTitle>
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<EISSN/>
<Volume-Issue>Volume 5 Issue 2</Volume-Issue>
<PartNumber/>
<IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
<IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
<Season>August-September 2024</Season>
<SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
<SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
<IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
<PubDate>
<Year>2024</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>30</Day>
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<ArticleType>Security Studies</ArticleType>
<ArticleTitle>khalistan movement and narco-terrorism</ArticleTitle>
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<ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
<ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
<FirstPage>159</FirstPage>
<LastPage>173</LastPage>
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<Author>
<FirstName>Shinder</FirstName>
<LastName>Purewal</LastName>
<AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
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<CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
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<DOI>https://doi.org/10.47362/EJSSS.2024.5203</DOI>
<Abstract>The use of savage violence with the intent to provoke a state of terror in the general public and the security forces to protect the fiefdom of narcotic smuggling is no longer confined to the drug smuggling gangs. It has been adopted by various political movements. The study’s focus on Sikh secessionist Narco-Terrorist network sheds light on the expansion of drug-weapon trade to ransoms, kidnapping, money laundering, human smuggling, and control of the entertainment industry and professional sports. Beginning with drug and weapon smuggling operations during the height of the Cold War in South Asia, the criminal gangs were strengthened and they expanded their operations in the Punjab and among the Sikh Diaspora. The financial resources bought political support, which enabled the Khalistan movement to establish powerful lobbies in the West. The links created by the underworld in the Punjab expanded worldwide with the help of the Sikh Diaspora. This terror-based movement gave some state actors a chance to use the Sikh card to arm-twist India on its foreign policy of strategic autonomy. Danger of savage violence faced by the civilized world is precisely the use of Narco-Terrorist movements by the state actors.</Abstract>
<AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
<Keywords>Sikh, Khalistan, Punjab, Narco-Terrorism, Ethnonationalism, Narcotic, Bhindernwale, Canada.</Keywords>
<URLs>
<Abstract>https://ejsss.net.in/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=15390&title=khalistan movement and narco-terrorism</Abstract>
</URLs>
<References>
<ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
<ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
<ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
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