<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>ejsss</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND STRATEGIC STUDIES</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN/>
      <EISSN/>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 6 Issue 1</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>Apr-May 2025</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>05</Month>
        <Day>31</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>International Relations</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>From Aid to Alliance: The Role of Japan’s Aid Diplomacy in Shaping India-Japan Strategic Relations</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>6</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>25</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Gajula Sai</FirstName>
          <LastName>Niranjan</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI>10.47362/EJSSS.2025.6101 </DOI>
      <Abstract>This research paper analyses the role of Japan__ampersandsign#39;s Official Development Assistance (ODA) in shaping India-Japan strategic relations, highlighting the transition from aid diplomacy to a multifaceted alliance. Starting in the 1950s, Japan__ampersandsign#39;s ODA to India initiated bilateral ties, sustaining the relationship through the Cold War, when broader political engagement remained limited due to ideological divides and contrasting foreign policy priorities. However, the post-Cold War era witnessed a transformation in India-Japan relations. Japan__ampersandsign#39;s aid diplomacy evolved from a singular focus on financial assistance to a strategic partnership encompassing security, economic, and geopolitical alignment in the Indo-Pacific.&#13;
&#13;
The paper examines the concept of aid diplomacy and its practical application in Japan’s foreign policy, positioning ODA as a tool for soft power and global influence. It further analyzes Japan’s aid to India, exploring how developmental assistance fostered long-term collaboration. The research emphasizes the strategic shift from ODA to Japanese investments, particularly in the context of regional connectivity projects in the Indo-Pacific. By investigating the role of aid in facilitating strategic convergence, the paper underscores how Japan’s aid diplomacy has evolved into a critical component of the broader Indo-Pacific security architecture, contributing to regional stability and promoting a free, open and well-connected Indo-Pacific region.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Aid diplomacy, ODA, India-Japan, Bilateral relations, Indo-Pacific</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://ejsss.net.in/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=15746&amp;title=From Aid to Alliance: The Role of Japan’s Aid Diplomacy in Shaping India-Japan Strategic Relations</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References>Arase, D. (2005). Japan’s Foreign Aid. Old Continuities and New Directions. Routledge.&#13;
&#13;
Asian Development Bank. (2017). Meeting Asia’s Infrastructure Needs. https://www.adb.org/publications/asia-infrastructure-needs&#13;
&#13;
Basu, T. (2022, April 19). Japan in India’s northeast: The Indo-Pacific Connect. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. https://idsa.in/idsacomments/japan-in-indias-northeast-the-indo-pacific-tbasu-190422&#13;
&#13;
Brautigam, D. (2011). The dragon’s gift: the real story of China in Africa. oUP oxford.&#13;
&#13;
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement. (2021, January). Commerce.Gov.In. https://commerce.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/IJCEPA_Basic_Agreement.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Dixit, J. N. (1996). My South block years: Memoirs of a foreign secretary. USB Publishers’ Distributors, Limited.&#13;
&#13;
Embassy of India. (2023, July). India-Japan Commercial Relations. Embassy of India, Tokyo. https://www.indembassy-tokyo.gov.in/eoityo_pages/NjA,&#13;
&#13;
Embassy of India Tokyo. (2023, December). India-Japan Bilateral Economic Relations. Embassy of India Tokyo. https://www.indembassy-tokyo.gov.in/eoityo_pages/NjQw&#13;
&#13;
Embassy of Japan in India. (2022). Japanese Business Establishments in India – 2022. Embassy of Japan in India. https://www.in.emb-japan.go.jp/files/100353089.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Hirata, K. (2002). Civil society in Japan: The growing role of NGOs in Tokyo’s aid and development policy. Palgrave Macmillan.&#13;
&#13;
Hogan, M. J. (1987). The Marshall Plan: America, Britain and the Reconstruction of Western Europe, 1947-1952. Cambridge University Press.&#13;
&#13;
Hook, S. W., and; Zhang, G. (1998). Japan’s aid policy since the cold war: Rhetoric and reality. Asian Survey, 38(11), 1051–1066.&#13;
&#13;
Japan Bank for International Cooperation. (2023, October 4). Equity Participation in Fund Contributing toward Environmental Preservation in India and Enhancement of Cooperative Relationship between Indian and Japanese Companies. Japan Bank for International Cooperation. https://www.jbic.go.jp/en/information/press/press-2023/press_00102.html&#13;
&#13;
Japan International Cooperation Agency. (2023, February). JICA Operations and Activities in India. JICA India Office. https://www.jica.go.jp/Resource/india/english/office/others/c8h0vm00004cesxi-att/brochure_27.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Keidanren. (2015, November 17). Towards Strategic Promotion of the Infrastructure Export. Keidanren. https://www.keidanren.or.jp/en/policy/2015/105.html&#13;
&#13;
Khan, S. A. (2019). India-Japan Economic Partnership: Potentials, Promises and Prospects.&#13;
&#13;
Koga, K. (2018). Redirecting Strategic Focus in the Age of the Indo-Pacific. Comparative Connections: A Triannual E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations, 20(1).&#13;
&#13;
Lancaster, C. (2008). Foreign aid: Diplomacy, development, domestic politics. University of Chicago press.&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Commerce and; Industry. (2013, August 5). CEPA with Japan. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=97633&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Commerce and; Trade. (2020, October). Japan Plus. Ministry of Commerce and; Trade. https://dpiit.gov.in/japan-plus/about-us&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of External Affairs. (2014, September 1). Tokyo Declaration for India - Japan Special Strategic and Global Partnership. Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India. https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/23965/Tokyo+Declaration+for+India++Japan+Special+Strategic+and+Global+Partnership&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2005, May 9). Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi’s Visit to India and Pakistan (Summary and Outcome). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/india/pmv0504/summary.html&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2006a, June 28). Report of the India-Japan Joint Study Group. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/india/report0606.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2006b, December 16). Visit to Japan of His Excellency Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/india/pmv0612.html&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2015, May). Partnership for Quality Infrastructure. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. https://www.mofa.go.jp/files/000117998.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. (2019). Outline of the Free and Open Indo-Pacific. https://www.mofa.go.jp/files/000430632.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Ministry of Labour and; Employment. (2016, July 25). India - Japan Social Security Agreement to come into Force from 01st October 2016. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=147613&#13;
&#13;
Mission of Japan to ASEAN. (2018). Free and; Open Indo-Pacific Strategy. Ministry of Japan to ASEAN. https://www.asean.emb-japan.go.jp/files/000352880.pdf&#13;
&#13;
Mol, R., Singh, B., Chattu, V. K., Kaur, J., and; Singh, B. (n.d.). India’s health diplomacy as a soft power tool towards Africa: humanitarian and geopolitical analysis. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 57(6), 1109–1225.&#13;
&#13;
Moyo, D. (2009). Dead aid: Why aid is not working and how there is a better way for Africa. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.&#13;
&#13;
Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. Public Affairs.&#13;
&#13;
Okano-Heijmans, M. (2012). Japan’s new economic diplomacy: Changing tactics or strategy? Asia-Pacific Review, 19(1), 62–87.&#13;
&#13;
Puri, A. H. S. (2017, May). Asia-Africa Growth Corridor: Partnership for Sustainable and Innovative Development Vision Document.&#13;
&#13;
Rix, A. (2010). Japan’s foreign aid challenge. Routledge.&#13;
&#13;
Stiglitz, J. E. (2002). Globalization and Its Discontents. W. W. Norton and; Company.</References>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>