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<PublisherName>ejsss</PublisherName>
<JournalTitle>ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND STRATEGIC STUDIES</JournalTitle>
<PISSN/>
<EISSN/>
<Volume-Issue>Volume 7 Issue 1</Volume-Issue>
<PartNumber/>
<IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
<IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
<Season>Apr-May 2026</Season>
<SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
<SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
<IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
<PubDate>
<Year>2026</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>31</Day>
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<ArticleType>Regional/Country Studies</ArticleType>
<ArticleTitle>Piracy__ampersandsignrsquo;s Resurgence in 2023: Evaluating the Sustainability of Somalia__ampersandsignrsquo;s Decline beyond Deterrence</ArticleTitle>
<SubTitle/>
<ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
<ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
<FirstPage>202</FirstPage>
<LastPage>230</LastPage>
<AuthorList>
<Author>
<FirstName>Uttam</FirstName>
<LastName>Roy</LastName>
<AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
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<CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
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<DOI>10.47362/EJSSS.2026.7111</DOI>
<Abstract>This paper examines the reason behind the sudden resurgence of piracy after 2022, which has become a major concern for the international community due to the strategic importance of the Gulf of Aden in global trade. It tries to explore the efforts made to build the state of Somalia over the past decade, since its decline from peak levels. The research moves beyond deterrence-only explanations usually given and instead examines additional factors such as governance, institutional reforms, community perceptions, and pirate adaptations. With this, it aims to assess whether the decline in piracy is sustainable or not, and to offer possible explanations for the resurgence. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods of research, the study finds that the decline is not lasting. The analysis reveals that, although progress has been made in state-building, significant issues persist__ampersandsignmdash;including persistent grievances among communities and pirate networks that have not been dismantled__ampersandsignmdash;which could lead to piracy resurfacing on the global stage if deterrence fails. These findings suggest the need to focus on state-building efforts primarily to ensure the decline lasts. The study also offers some policy recommendations at the end to help mitigate the identified challenges to some extent.</Abstract>
<AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
<Keywords>Somali piracy,Governance reforms,Livelihoods,Community perceptions,Gulf of Aden</Keywords>
<URLs>
<Abstract>https://ejsss.net.in/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=16264&title=Piracy__ampersandsignrsquo;s Resurgence in 2023: Evaluating the Sustainability of Somalia__ampersandsignrsquo;s Decline beyond Deterrence</Abstract>
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<References>
<ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
<ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
<ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
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</References>
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